Hyperparathyroidism is the condition in which there is increase production of parathyroid hormone. It is usually due to tumour in either of parathyroid glands or can be due to generalized proliferation of all parathyroid glands (Hyperplasia). Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism include:-
Primary: It is usually characterised by high calcium, Low Phosphorus and High PTH levels and is usually due to parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia. Surgery is the definitive cure to this disease.
Secondary: It is usually due to hyperplasia of parathyroid gland secondary to some systemic disease. Common causes includes Vitamin D deficiency, Chronic renal failure, Malabsorption etc. It is characterised by low or normal calcium, high or normal Phosphorus and high PTH. Usually medical management is warranted in most of cases.
Tertiary: It occurs after long standing secondary hyperparathyroidism when one of the hyperplastic gland become autonomous and start secreting parathyroid hormone which is not under control of body. Usually associated with High Calcium, Phosphorus and PTH levels. Surgical intervention is the standard of care in most of these cases.
The thyroid is butterfly shaped gland situated in front of the neck around windpipe just below the voice box. It has two lobes right & left attached with isthmus….
Hypothyroidism is the condition in which thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones i.e T3, T4 to sustain our normal body functions Common symptoms that…
thyroid is a condition in which thyroid gland produce excess hormones i.e T3, T4 in contrary to the amount required by our body. Common symptoms that patients…
Goiter in simple words means swollen thyroid. The common perception among community is any thyroid related disorders means abnormal functional thyroid…..
Thyroid cancer is the commonest endocrine malignancy with more prevalence among women as compared to men.The number of patients with thyroid cancer….
Graves disease is a form of hyperthyroidism which is cause by generalized overactivity of thyroid gland. It is named after Robert Graves, an Irish physician, who first described this disorder…
Thyroid surgery has evolved over last few decades and have become much safer now in hands of experts. There are conditions when patient may need to undergo thyroid surgery……
Each individual has two voice nerves one on each side of wind pipe and behind the thyroid gland.These are recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and external branch of superior……
Each individual has two voice nerves one on each side of wind pipe and behind the thyroid gland.These are recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN). These nerves maintain tone, pitch…
