Adrenal Cortical Cancer

Adrenocortical cancer is one of the rare ; yet most aggressive endocrine malignancy. Commonly seen at extreme of ages. Common presentation of adrenal cortical cancers includes

  • Tumours with functionality
    • Features of Cushing syndrome
    • Feature of Feminism in male patients
    • Virilization among female patients
  • Non functional tumours detected incidentally
  • Non functional tumours with compressive features like Inferior Vena cava obstruction etc.

Preoperative CECT with washout studies has got good sensitivity in picking up adrenal cancer. Hormonal evaluation includes work up for Cushing syndrome, Pheochromocytoma and Hyperandrogenism. Surgery is the first line of treatment for these tumours.Both open and Minimal invasive Adrenalectomy can be considered in management.Usually tumours upto 6cm are treated with minimal access approach whereas larger tumours are better resected by open methods.
Adjuvant Therapies includes Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy and Mitotane; however adjuvant therapies have not shown promising response.

Thyroid Disorder

Structure & Function

The thyroid is butterfly shaped gland situated in front of the neck around windpipe just below the voice box. It has two lobes right & left attached with isthmus….

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is the condition in which thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones i.e T3, T4 to sustain our normal body functions Common symptoms that…

Hyperthyroidism

thyroid is a condition in which thyroid gland produce excess hormones i.e T3, T4 in contrary to the amount required by our body. Common symptoms that patients…

Goiter

Goiter in simple words means swollen thyroid. The common perception among community is any thyroid related disorders means abnormal functional thyroid…..

Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer is the commonest endocrine malignancy with more prevalence among women as compared to men.The number of patients with thyroid cancer….

Graves’ Diseases

Graves disease is a form of hyperthyroidism which is cause by generalized overactivity of thyroid gland. It is named after Robert Graves, an Irish physician, who first described this disorder…

Minimal Invasive Thyroidectomy

Thyroid surgery has evolved over last few decades and have become much safer now in hands of experts. There are conditions when patient may need to undergo thyroid surgery……

Voice Sparing Thyroid Surgery

Each individual has two voice nerves one on each side of wind pipe and behind the thyroid gland.These are recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and external branch of superior……

Robotic Thyroid Surgery

Each individual has two voice nerves one on each side of wind pipe and behind the thyroid gland.These are recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN). These nerves maintain tone, pitch…